Improvement in deep-well pumps



dinard giant #me eine.

HENRY K. KENYON, OF STEUBENVILLE, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO HMSLF AND JARECKI, METZ, & CO.

Letters Patent No. 104,855, dated Jime- 28, 1870.

IMPROVEMENT IN DEEP-WELL PUMPS.

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same To all whom it may concern:

Be it known hat I, HENRY K. KENYON, of Steubenville,v in the county of Jeierson and State of Ohio, have invented a new and useful Improvement in'Inmp for Artesian or Deep Wells; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawing, in which- Figure 1 is an exterior view of my improved pump;

Figure 2 is an exterior view oi' one side of the working barrel of the pump, the outer' casing being removed.

Figure 3 is an exterior view of the other side of the working barrel.

Figure 4 is a cross-section of the pump and outer casing through x a.' of fig. l.

Figure 5 is a longitudinal section of the pump, with the pistou and upper head in position for pumpmg;

Figure G is a longitudinal section of the upper part ofthe pump, with the upper head raised, so as to rev turn the oil into the well; and

Figure 7 represents one' of the valves detached.

In the several. figures like letters denote similar parts.

My improvement is designed for use in artesian or deep wells, especially in oil-wells.

One of the leading features of my pump is that it not only produces a continuous flow of oil or other iiuid, but that it creates and sustains a constant and powerful suction, by means of which the seams or veins ofthe well are,in a great measure, cleared 'of paraine and other obstructions, and the oil in the veins is drawn toward the well, so that I have ascertained, by actual test, the use of my pump causes a graduallyincreasing flow of oil.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my improved pump, I will proceed to describe its construction and opemation.

My pump has a working-barrel, A, which is placed inthe same axial line as the well-tubing above and suction-pipe below the pump.

This working-barrel A is closed near the-lower end by a head or plug, B, securely fastened in place and immovable, and at the upper end by a removable head, G, which, however, remains Vstationary during the operation of the pump, and through which the pistonrod D works.

'lhe piston E is solid, that, is, has no valve in it,

and works in the working-barrel between the upper and lower' heads C and B.

The piston may be packed in any desired manner, as with rings of leather, or cup-leather, as may be preferred.

In order to make an air-tight connectou vbetween the upper head C and the working-barrel, the head is packed with leather, wood, or Babbitts metal, or other suitable packing.

The recess a in theupper head C is not required for ordinary purposes of' pumpin g, and may be dispensed with, in which case the head need 'not be so long as sh'own in the drawing. The use of the recess a will be explained hereafter.

The piston-rod D, above the upper head G, is furnished with a collar, l), at such a distance from' the piston E, as that, when the piston reaches-nearly to the lower head B, the collar will rest 0n top of the upper head C.

The object of this collar b is to force the upper head G down to its place in the working-barrel A.

The lower end of the upper head O rests on a slight projection, c, in the working-barrel, caused by enlarging its bore slightly above that point.

If preferred, when the upper head is in one piece, that is, without the recess a, it may be seated in the upper end of the working-barrel A, by tapering the barrel at that point, and giving the upper -head C a corresponding taper.

The working-barrel has four external flanged partitions F, extending parallel with the axis of the working-barrel from the lower end, nearly, but not quite, to the upper end.

Each of these partitions is madeby a pair of flanges, d, extending outward from the barrel, either cast in one piece with it, or riveted, brazed, or soldered to it.

lhe flanges of each partition are placed with their inner faces a uniform distance apart, and forming a gutter slightly widening outward.

Between these flanges is inserted a strip of wood, (basswood serves a good purpose, although Babbitts metal or other suitable packing maybe employed,) which is held'tightly in place by the flanges, and projects a littlebeyond the edges of the anges.

The purpose of making the space between the ilan'ges daring outward is to cause thewood, when wet,

to be forced outward against the casing, thus securing a perfectly tight joint.A

At the lower end of the working-barrel is a circular'- collar, G, connecting with the longitudinal partitions F, and formed similarly by flanges ll', with pieces of wood between them, to make a tight joint.

Atthe topy of the working-barrel is a similar collar, Gr, constructed in the same manner, and extending all around the barrel.

Similarly-constructed tiansverse-iianged partitions e, f, g, h, t, k, and l, are placed between the longitudinal partitions F, in connection with the valve-ports and open ports of the working-barrel, as willbe hereinafter explained.

H is a cylindrical oute'r casing of metal, which may be made iu one piece or in two or `more pieces, as

' may be desired, and as shown in the drawing.

'This casing extends from the uppel` flanged collar G to the lower flanged'collar G', which fit. perfectly air-tight in the casing, by means of the wood or other packing between the flanges of these collars. A

The flanged longitudinal partitins F and thc transverse flanged partitions e, j, g, h, i, k also fits closely against the inside of the outer casing H, so as to di? vide the annular space between the outer casing H and working-barrclA into separate chambers, marked Nos. 1, 2, 3, and 4, which have no openings through the outer casing, but communicate, by vali-ed ports and open ports, with'the interior ofthe working-barrel A.

The nter casing H has no openings, excepting the perforations s s, near its upper end, which are situa-te immediately below the upper flanged collar G, and;`

above the two transverse partitions c and f, which connect the upper ends of the longitudinal flanged parti# tions F.

flhesc apertures s s, at the top ofthe casing H, are not necessary for ordinary purposes of' pumping, and are of use only iu connection with the recess a in the upper head 0,'the function of which will be explained hereafter.

`The outer casing H is kept in place by thejam nuts t t,at each end of the pump-barrel, which are screwed d owu against the collars Gand G', and against the ends of' the casing in" thqcoupling-screws-u u', at the-end of the barrel.

The open ports in the working-barrel uscdin ordi nary pumping are four, marked I J K L. Two of these, I and J',-are situate near the top ot' the working-barrel A, above the upper head O, and ou diametrically opposite sidesoithe working-barrel.

Each of these open ports I and J has a transverse flanged partition, c and f, immediately above the openiu".

alhe third open port, K, is placed immediately above 'the lower head B, (but not between the same longitudinal partitions as the ports I and J and has al transverse flanged partition, g, immediately above it.

The fourth open port, L, is situate on the opposite side ofthe working-barrelA, from the third open port K, but not at the same level, but is just'below the upperhead C, aud has a transverse flanged partition, h., inmiediatelyr over it.

i There are also four valved ports or openings in the working-barrel, marked M,'N, O, and?.

One, M, is situate near the bottom of the workingbarrel, immediately below the lower head B, aml below-the 'open port K, and another, N, diametrically opposite to it, and also below the lower h'ead B, but in the same vertical lin'eI as and below the open port L.

v Another valved port, O, is placed immediately above the lower head B, and in the same vertical line as and below the open port I, and the fourth valved port P is placed immediately b elow the upper head C, and below the open port J.

' Ilhe valves'used toclosethe'valved ports are clapvalves, placed outside of the. working-barrel A in the chambers formed by the flanged partitions, and are attached by means of a T-head, r, at the bottom of the valve, which enters a notch made in the flange of the transverse flanged partitions' placed below the valves.

Below the valves o and p, which cover the ports O and I, are placed transverse flanged partitions, fi and k, similar to those placed above the open ports I J E. L, the flanged collar G at the lower end ot' the working barrel being imir'r'x'ediatel y below the valves m and n.

All these valves open outwardly, and naturally ineline to close when the pump isi'navertical position.

The operational' my pump, constructed as above described, is as follows:

lotsa', 2

y Suppose the piston to be at the end of its downstroke, and the space between the top of the piston and the under side of the upper head to bc llcd with oil or other fluid to be pumped; uow, on raising the piston E by meansof' the piston-rod D, a vacuum is crcatedin the space below the piston and above the lower head B, and in the chamber No. l inclosed between the working-barrel A and outer lcasing4 1I, by the collar G', the transverse `flanged partition g, and two of the longitudinal partitions. The valve m. then opens, andthe oil from the well flows through the suction-pipe attached to the workingr barrel, and through the valved port M into chamber No. 1, and thence through the open port Ii into the workingbarrel of the pump, below the piston, and flanged partitions forming the sides of the chamber No. 1, preventing its taking any other direction.

At the same time as the piston rises, thc oil above the piston, not being able tov pass through the working-barrel above the upper head C, opens the valve p, and passes out into chamber No. 2, formed by the transverse flanged partitions c and L, and thc longitudinal partitions, and thence up through chamber No. 2, and through the open' port J back into the working-barrel above the upper head, and thence into the tubing above the pump. v

On thedescent of the pistou, a vacuum is created between thcpiston` and the upper head C, which vacuum, extending to chamber No. 3, formed by the opens valve n ucar `the bottom of the working-barrel below the, lower head B, and causcsthe oil to flow up through chamber No. 3 into and through the open port L, into the working-barrel, above the pistou E. At the same time, by the descent of the piston, the oil in thc working-barrel below the piston and above the lower head B, forces open the valve o and passes titious 'i and f and the longitudinal partitions, and

open port I into the working barrel, above the upper head C, whence it rises into the well-tubing above the pump. Y

Thus, not only is a continual flow of oil kept up, but the sucking action of' the pump is nniutermitted, and there is no opportunity for oil which is being drawn through the seams and veinsof the well to stopits flow or run back, as long as the pump is kept at work.

I will no w proceed to explain the use of' the recess a in the upper head C, and the perfbrationss sat the upper end of the-ontercasing H.

In cleansing wells from paraue it is usual to pour dowuinto the well several barrels of benzine, which, being allowed to remain in'the4 well for some time, cuts or dissolves the parafliue, after which it is pumped out of' the well. To avoid this delay I propose to Vpour into the well much smaller quantity of benzine, and cause it to be pumped up and immediately returned to the well, thus causing a continuous agitation of the conteurs of the well, and circulation of benzine.

In order to effect this, my pump maybe so constructed as, by a very slight adjustment of the upper head C, to cause thebenzinc, when pumped out of the well, to pass out through the pertorations s sin the outer casing H, in jets, with considerable force, and thus flow back outside of' the casing into thewell, without reaching the well-tubing above the pump-barrel.

For this purpose there are made four openings, Q, R S T, in the pump-barrel A, one in each of the spaces between the four longitudinal flanged partitions F. These openings are situate below the level of the open ports I and J near the top of' the pump-barrel A, so that, when the upper head C is in its place, when the pump 'is used for ordinary pumping, the upper piece c of the head O closes these openings Q R S But,

'transverse partition h and the longitudinalpartitions,

into chamber No. 4, formed by the transverse par-4 theuce up through chamber No. 4, and through the i by raising the upper head G' by means of the pistonrod D until the upper piece o of `the head C closes the ports I and J, the recessed part a of the head C coincides with the openings Q R S T.

When the upper head G is thus adj usted, and the pump Vis operated, the uid raised by the pump is shut off, by the closing of the ports I and J, from al1 access to the well-tubing above the pump-barrel, nding its only exit through the openings Q andv S into the space formed by the recess a, and thence out through the openings R and T, and being prevented from vdescending below the transverse partitions land h, rises to the space w under the upper collar G', and thence out through the perforations s s in the outer casing H.

On the dwn-stroke of the piston the fluid under the piston passes out at the valve o into chamber No. 4, and, passing up that chamber, enters the pnmpbarrel at the opening Q into the recess a, and thence out through the openings 'l and R into the space w under the collar G', and, on the up-stroke of the piston, the fluid above the piston passes ont ofthe valve p into the chamber' No. 2, and thence through the opening S into the recess a, and out through the openings T and R into the space w.

When the operation of benzining the well is iinished, it is only necessary to force down the upper head to its seat, when the operation of pumping through the well-tube is resumed and continued, as before described. .l

Having thus described my improved pump for artesian wells. Y What I claim therein as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The working-barrel, having exterior recessed chambers formed by partitions extending from the exterior of the working-barrel to the outer casing, .and suitable open and valved ports, iu combination with the outer casing, substantially as hereinbefore described.

2. The anged partitions, inlaid with strips of wood for forming chambers in the space between the Working-barrel and outer casing, substantially as described.

3. The working pump-barrel, closed at one end with a stationary, and at the other end with a removable head, and communicating, by ports and valves, with exterior chambers or passages, substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore described.

4. The adjustable recessed stuing-box forming the upper head of the working-barrel, in combination with the working-barrel and outer chambered casing having arranged substantially as described, for the purposes hereinbefore set forth.

5. The combination of the working-barrel, closed at both ends, and furnished with ports and valves, the solid or v alvcless piston,'aud the exterior chambered casing, constructed and arranged substantially as described, so as to lift and force both on` the upstrokc and dowu-strokeof the piston.

6. food-packing for pump-chambers, so arranged as to form air and water-tight joints, substantially as hereinbefore described.v

In testimony whereof, I, the said HENRY K. KEN- YON, have hereunto set my hand.

HENRY K, KENYON.

WVitnesses:

A. S. NICHOLSON, A. Moons.

apertures for the exit of the fluid, constructed and. 

